ABSTRACT
Social exclusion as a process leads to a state of multiple relative deprivations in diverse areas of social life, like employment, education, healthcare, social ties, respect. Individuals or groups may have a worse position in several areas, particularly with other individuals or groups in society. Coronavirus pandemics disproportionately affect poorer communities and socially excluded people. Socially excluded are double victims;due to their position, they are more prone to infection by a coronavirus, further increasing their exclusion. The purpose of this contribution is to provide a conceptual framework for analyzing the relationship between social exclusion and health disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal is to comprehend the causes and consequences of unequal power relationships and offer critical assessments of current policies and measures to reduce health inequalities. Health and social inequalities are a significant constraint to economic revival and a successful fight against pandemics. The extent of the economic and health crisis caused by pandemic shock largely depends on past health and social inequality. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
ABSTRACT
Research background: The situation with the spread of the coronavirus is very serious and could even get worse. This negatively impacts the population as well as the economy on the global and national level. Aim of the article: The aim of the article is to explain the complexities regarding the evaluation of COVID-19 impact on health and economy as well as to analyse some realised measures. Despite great technological progress and expansion, the science of epidemiology, responses to epidemics of the twenty-first century demonstrate that the world is not adequately prepared to lessen the impact of an emerging threat or prevent its appearance leaving mankind vulnerable to adverse consequences. Methods: The impact of pandemics is so vast and uncommon as it affects all elements of demand and supply. To study the pandemic impact in Croatia we use Hamilton (2018), Stock and Watson (1999) one-sided HP filter. Findings & Value added: The most vulnerable sectors are all forms of transport, travel and hospitality, as well as all forms of entertainment. Usual economic measures, like tax cuts and stimulus spending, will not restore cancelled events, revive ruined supply chains or encourage suspicious consumers to go spending. Needed measures incorporate coordinated multilateral actions to ensure effective health policies, containment and mitigation activities, support low-income citizens, and jointly raise fiscal spending. Mentioned measures would be the most effective means of restoring confidence and supporting incomes.